Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

In legal terminology, a complaint is any formal legal document that sets out the facts and legal reasons (see: cause of action) that the filing party or parties (the plaintiff(s)) believes are sufficient to support a claim against the party or parties against whom the claim is brought (the defendant(s)) that entitles the plaintiff(s) to a remedy (either money damages or injunctive relief). For example, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) that govern civil litigation in United States courts provide that a civil action is commenced with the filing or service of a pleading called a complaint. Civil court rules in states that have incorporated the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure use the same term for the same pleading. (Wikipedia)

Under the new European Court regime, the UPC [Unified Patent Court] will (ultimately) have exclusive competence in respect of civil litigation matters relating to European Patents, which will include the Irish (and other national) validations of European Patents. (lexology.com)

Civil litigation is the term used for a legal dispute that has occurred involving two or more parties seeking money damages or a specific performance, in comparison to criminal sanctions. (Chartlands Chambers Barristers)

Criminal litigation refers to a trial in criminal court. Criminal litigation is distinct from civil litigation in most countries. (FindLaw)