Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

"A lay judge is a person assisting a judge in a trial and as such are sometimes called lay assessors. Lay judges are used in some civil law jurisdictions. Japan began implementing a new lay judge system in 2009. Lay judges are appointed volunteers and often require some legal instruction. However, they are not permanent officers, as they tend proceedings about once a month, and often receive only nominal or ""costs covered"" pay. Lay judges are usually used when the country does not have juries. Lay judges may be randomly selected for a single trial (like jurymen), or politically appointed. In the latter case, they may usually not be rejected by the prosecution, the defense, or the permanent judges. Lay judges are similar to magistrates of England and Wales, but magistrates sit about twice more often. [...] Lay judges were in use in the Soviet Union. After a 1958 reform they were elected for 2 years at general meetings of colleagues at their place of work or residence, or at higher levels appointed by the soviet. The incidents of lay judges overruling professional judges was rare, and was officially reported in only 1 case by the late 1960s." (Wikipedia)

In solidarity with our colleagues, the editorial staff of Liberation, who do not know at this time if we are affected by this measure, decided not to attend the party organised by the extreme right-wing party. (Independent)

Professor Weshal Domingo, the head of law at Wits and a family law expert, and her colleague, law lecturer Prinslean Mahery, write how, despite South Africa’s new Children’s Act framework, which “created a shift from the idea of parental power over a child to the notion that parents have parental responsibilities and rights, this hasn’t fundamentally changed the constant battle that parents and other interested parties have over children. (Independent Online)

Writing in the journal Jama Pediatrics, Busch and colleagues said they examined data from 38 studies which involved expert assessment of girls’ breast tissue. (The Independent)