Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

The Court of Appeal emphasised the requirement that the recipient of a Norwich Pharmacal order must be more than a 'mere witness' to the alleged wrongdoing, and held that this requirement had not been met on the facts of this case. [...]

The Norwich Pharmacal principle (so-called after a case of the same name) allows a potential claimant to obtain disclosure from a third party where all of the following conditions are met:

1) a legal wrong (whether criminal or civil) has at least arguably been carried out by a wrongdoer against the potential claimant;

2) the disclosure sought is likely to enable the potential claimant to bring a claim against the wrongdoer; and

3) the person against whom the disclosure application is made must be more than a 'mere witness'; they must have facilitated the wrongdoing in some way. (Lexology)