Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

Spin-offs occur when a parent corporation distributes all or most of its holdings of stock in a subsidiary to the parent's shareholders based on the proportion to their holdings in the parent company, i.e. on a pro rata basis. As a result, the subsidiary company is no longer owned or controlled by the parent company and there are two separate publicly traded companies. Prior to the spin-off, shareholders only own the parent company's stock, whereas after the spin-off they own shares in both the parent and the subsidiary. In these transactions, no funds change hands, and the assets of the subsidiary are not revalued. The transaction is considered to be a stock dividend and a tax-free exchange under Internal Revenue Code Section 355.

It is important to distinguish corporate spin-offs from three types of related transactions—equity carve-outs, split-offs, and split-ups. Under an equity carve-out, a portion of the subsidiary's shares are offered for sale to the general public. This has the effect of injecting cash into the parent firm without the loss of control. Under a split-off, shareholders exchange their parent stock for the shares of the subsidiary. These transactions provide the company an opportunity to dispose of a subsidiary in a tax-free manner, and even to relieve itself of an unwanted shareholder. A split-up occurs when the parent distributes shares in each of its subsidiaries, and the parent firm liquidates and ceases to exist. (referenceforbusiness.com)

General enforcement of pledge. In general, in the event of non-payment a creditor/pledgee cannot directly sell or dispose of pledged property, but must request sale by auction under the court's authority. (Practical Law)

Sometimes it is useful to dispose of terminology to refer to acts that are not juridical acts. For instance, a municipality can pursue its parking policies both by creating prohibitions (which is a juridical act) and by making it physically impossible to park in certain places. We will use the expression "factual acts" to refer to acts, usually performed by the administration, that are not aimed at creating legal consequences. (Introduction to Law by Jaap Hage, Antonia Waltermann, Bram Akkermans)

Settlement, in law, a compromise or agreement between litigants to settle the matters in dispute between them in order to dispose of and conclude their litigation. (Britannica)