Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

Thrifty, Inc. attempted to submit a service mark application that described aspects of their business (uniforms, buildings, certain vehicles) as "being blue." The application was rejected for not being specific enough, and the rejection was upheld on appeal. (Wikipedia)

The parliamentary speaker who rejected Stournaras’s report, Zoi Konstantopoulou, set up a “Debt Truth Committee” to provide alternative views on Greece’s predicament. She refused to accept the memory stick the bank’s report was delivered on, citing a requirement that the document to be submitted in hard copy to parliament. (Bloomberg)

In the United States, a liquidated damage clause is intended to estimate damages in the event of non-performance or breach of contract. [...] The intent of liquidated damages is simply to measure damages that are hard to prove once incurred. If the liquidated damages are disproportionate, they can, however, be declared a penalty. The clause is then void, and recovery will be limited to the actual damage that results from the breach. [...]

In civil law countries, the attitude toward contractual penalties is quite different from the common law approach. The Napoleonic Code, upon which most civil codes are based, allowed for penalties to encourage performance of contractual obligations. (This is the precise rationale that is rejected in the United States.) (lexology.com)

If your credit application is rejected, you're entitled to know why and receive a free extra copy of your credit report to review. (money.usnews.com)