Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

The High Court has provided a useful reminder on the law of penalties, confirming that payments made on the early termination of a contract (where the reason for termination was not a breach of contract), do not amount to a penalty clause. (Website of Myerson)

Shares outstanding are all the shares of a corporation or financial asset that have been authorized, issued and purchased by investors and are held by them. They have rights and represent ownership in the corporation by the person that holds the shares. They are distinguished from treasury shares, which are shares held by the corporation itself and have no exercisable rights. Shares outstanding plus treasury shares together amount to the number of issued shares. (Wikipedia)

Price sanctions are used when the parties agree on them. They are also permissible in place of mandatory penalty for breach of contract. The amount is, likewise, to be fixed by the parties (Contract Law § 53). If they do not agree on the amount, then a half of the statutory penalty for the same breach of contract is the amount to be charged. (International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law, Volume 13, Part 1, by Michael A. Schwind)

Borrowed Funds. Money one has received from another party with the agreement that it will be repaid. Most borrowed funds are repaid with interest, meaning the borrower pays a certain percentage of the principal amount to the lender as compensation for borrowing. (Farlex Financial Dictionary)