Русско-англо-русский юридический словарь

A person is guilty of solicitation to commit a crime if, with the purpose of promoting or facilitating its commission, he commands, encourages or requests another person to engage in specific conduct which would constitute such crime or an attempt to commit such crime or which would establish his complicity in its commission or attempted commission. (USLegal)

For example, if a boy walks up to his schoolmate on the street and asks him to shoplift a toy for him, this is solicitation, even if the schoolmate never acknowledges the boy's request, enters the store, or completes the crime. In fact, should the solicited individual, such as the schoolmate, actually complete the crime, the defendant may be liable not only for solicitation, but also for aiding and abetting the crime as an accessory before the fact. (Justia)

Aiding means helping someone to commit a crime while abetting means encouraging or counseling someone to commit a crime. [...] Abetting means that you have done something that encourages or supports the commission of a crime. That support can be active, in the form of instigation, or passive, just being there when plans are made. (The Law Offices of Bryan R. Kazarian)

Abetting a crime means encouraging or supporting it. That support can be active, in the form of instigation. It can also be passive. If you know the offense is happening and are present for its commission, you can be liable for abetting. (Shouse Law Group)

Aiding and abetting is a legal doctrine related to the guilt of someone who aids or abets (encourages, incites) another person in the commission of a crime (or in another's suicide). [...] The words aiding, abetting and accessory are closely used but have differences. While aiding means providing support or assistance to someone, abetting means encouraging someone else to commit a crime. (Wikipedia)

1. Each State Party shall undertake to prevent in any territory under its jurisdiction other acts of cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment which do not amount to torture as defined in article I, when such acts are committed by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. (The UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment)

Archbold, in his classic treatise on international criminal law, defines "instigating" as "urging, encouraging, or prompting another person to commit a crime." The ICTR Trial Chamber adopted this definition in two seminal cases--Semanza and Akayesu. Similarly, in the Kristic case, the ICTY defined "instigating" as "prompting another to commit an offense." ("Instigation" in international criminal law , Case Western Reserve University )

Prosecutor v. Radovan Karadžić, Case No. IT-95-5/18-T, Public Redacted Version of Judgement Issued on 24 March 2016 – Volume I of IV (TC), 24 March 2016, para. 572: "572. Criminal liability for instigation would be incurred when an accused prompts another person to commit an offence, which is actually committed. The prompt may be either express or implied, it need not be direct or public, and it may consist of either an act or an omission." (Case Matrix Network)

Solicitation, in criminal law, the request, encouragement, or direction of one person by another to commit a serious criminal offense. (Britannica)

Solicitation, or incitement, is the act of trying to persuade another person to commit a crime that the solicitor desires and intends to have committed. [...] Variously known as advising, commanding, counseling, encouraging, enticing, entreating, hiring, importuning, inciting, instigating, procuring, requesting, stimulating, and urging, or referred to by other terms descriptive of attempting to persuade another (the solicitant) to commit a crime, solicitation traditionally exists only when the crime solicited (the object crime) has not been completed, criminally attempted, or agreed to. If the solicitant agrees to commit the crime, both he and the solicitor are liable for conspiracy; if the solicitant attempts to commit the crime, both are liable for attempt; if the solicitant actually completes the crime, the solicitor is liable, under principles of accomplice liability, for being either an accessory before the fact or a principal in the crime that he solicited. (Encyclopedia.com)